多柱状图和线图

作者

[编辑] 郑虎;

[审核] .

在一个图表中显示多个条形图或线形图。

环境配置

系统: Cross-platform (Linux/MacOS/Windows)
编程语言: R
依赖包: ggplot2; reshape2; ggthemes

# 安装包
if (!requireNamespace("ggplot2", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("ggplot2")
}
if (!requireNamespace("reshape2", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("reshape2")
}
if (!requireNamespace("ggthemes", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("ggthemes")
}

# 加载包
library(ggplot2)
library(reshape2)
library(ggthemes)

数据准备

具有多列数据（数字）的数据框。

# 加载数据
data <- read.table("files/Hiplot/009-barplot-line-multiple-data.txt", header = T)

# 整理数据格式
data_melt <- melt(data, id.vars = colnames(data)[1])
data_melt[, 1] <- factor(data_melt[, 1], level = unique(data_melt[, 1]))

# 查看数据
head(data)

  age height weight math biology english chinese
1  12    158    100  120      90     115     140
2  15    160    110  145      80     120     120
3  18    175    120  132      95     118     110
4  20    176    121  124      99     118     136
5  21    176    120  135      98     114     150
6  22    177    124  140      87     110     150

可视化

1. 多线图

# 多线图
p <- ggplot(data = data_melt, aes(x = age, y = value, group = variable,
                                  colour = variable)) +
  geom_line(alpha = 1, size = 1) +
  geom_point(aes(shape = variable), alpha = 1, size = 3) +
  labs(title = "Line (Multiple)", x = "X Lable", y = "Value") +
  scale_color_manual(values = c("#3B4992FF","#EE0000FF","#008B45FF","#631879FF",
                               "#008280FF","#BB0021FF")) +
  theme_stata() +
  theme(text = element_text(family = "Arial"),
        plot.title = element_text(size = 12,hjust = 0.5),
        axis.title = element_text(size = 12),
        axis.text = element_text(size = 10),
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, hjust = 0.5,vjust = 1),
        legend.position = "right",
        legend.direction = "vertical",
        legend.title = element_text(size = 10),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 10))

p

2. 多柱状图

# 多柱状图
p <- ggplot(data = data_melt, aes(x = age, y = value, fill = variable)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", position = position_dodge(), colour = "black",
           alpha = 1) +
  labs(title = "", x = "X Lable", y = "Value") +
  
  scale_fill_manual(values = c("#3B4992FF","#EE0000FF","#008B45FF","#631879FF",
                               "#008280FF","#BB0021FF")) +
  theme_stata() +
  theme(text = element_text(family = "Arial"),
        plot.title = element_text(size = 12,hjust = 0.5),
        axis.title = element_text(size = 12),
        axis.text = element_text(size = 10),
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, hjust = 0.5,vjust = 1),
        legend.position = "right",
        legend.direction = "vertical",
        legend.title = element_text(size = 10),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 10))

p