金字塔堆叠图

作者

[编辑] 郑虎;

[审核] .

注记

Hiplot 网站

本页面为 Hiplot Pyramid Stack 插件的源码版本教程，您也可以使用 Hiplot 网站实现无代码绘图，更多信息请查看以下链接:

https://hiplot.cn/basic/pyramid-stack?lang=zh_cn

金字塔堆叠图可以用于展示年龄组多变量。

环境配置

  • 系统: Cross-platform (Linux/MacOS/Windows)

  • 编程语言: R

  • 依赖包: ggplot2; ggthemes; dplyr

# 安装包
if (!requireNamespace("ggplot2", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("ggplot2")
}
if (!requireNamespace("ggthemes", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("ggthemes")
}
if (!requireNamespace("dplyr", quietly = TRUE)) {
  install.packages("dplyr")
}

# 加载包
library(ggplot2)
library(ggthemes)
library(dplyr)

数据准备

# 加载数据
data <- read.delim("files/Hiplot/146-pyramid-stack-data.txt", header = T)

# 整理数据格式
data[,3] <- factor(data[,3], levels = unique(data[,3]))
data[,1] <- factor(data[,1], levels = unique(data[,1]))

# 查看数据
head(data)
    age gender year       pop
1   0-4   male 1950 171.85124
2   5-9   male 1950 137.99242
3 10-14   male 1950 133.27428
4 15-19   male 1950 121.69274
5 20-24   male 1950 112.39438
6 25-29   male 1950  96.59408

可视化

# 金字塔堆叠图
p <- ggplot(data = data, aes(x = age, y = pop, fill = year)) +
  geom_bar(data = data %>% filter(gender == "female") %>% arrange(rev(year)),
           stat = "identity", position = "identity") +
  geom_bar(data = data %>% filter(gender == "male") %>% arrange(rev(year)),
           stat = "identity", position = "identity", mapping = aes(y = -pop)) +
  coord_flip() +
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0) +
  scale_fill_economist() +
  scale_fill_manual(values = c("#e04d39","#5bbad6","#1e9f86")) +
  labs(y = "pop | male (left) - female (right)", x= "") +
  theme_economist(horizontal = FALSE) +
  theme(text = element_text(family = "Arial"),
        plot.title = element_text(size = 12,hjust = 0.5),
        axis.title = element_text(size = 12),
        axis.text = element_text(size = 10),
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, hjust = 0.5,vjust = 1),
        legend.position = "top",
        legend.direction = "horizontal",
        legend.title = element_text(size = 10),
        legend.text = element_text(size = 10),
        panel.grid.major = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.minor = element_blank())

p
图 1: 金字塔堆叠图